Definition
Pericardiocentesis involves the use of a needle to withdraw fluid from the pericardial sac (membrane that surrounds the heart).
Other Names
Pericardial tap; Percutaneous pericardiocentesis
How the Test is Performed
In the past this procedure was performed in a cardiac catheterization laboratory, but now it is usually performed in the procedure room of an intensive care unit, or even at the bedside.
An IV line is inserted in case fluids or medications need to be given. Medication may be given to prevent vasovagal reflex resulting in bradycardia (a slowing of the heartbeat) and hypotension (drop in blood pressure ).
The insertion site just below the breastbone (sternum) ...
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Definition
Pericardiocentesis involves the use of a needle to withdraw fluid from the pericardial sac (membrane that surrounds the heart).
Other Names
Pericardial tap; Percutaneous pericardiocentesis
How the Test will Feel
You may feel pressure as the needle enters. Some people feel transient chest pain , which may require pain medication.
How to Prepare for the Test
If the test is elective, you will not be able to eat or drink for 6 hours before the test. You must sign a consent form.
Normal Results
There is normally a small amount of clear, straw-colored fluid in the pericardial space.
Risks
- Puncture of the heart muscle (myocardium) or a coronary artery (vessel that supplies blood to the heart muscle)
- Pneumopericardium (air in the pericardial sac)
- Heart attack
- Irregular heartbeats arrhythmias
- Infection (pericarditis)
- Puncture of the lung, liver, or stomach
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What Abnormal Results Mean
Abnormal findings may indicate the cause of pericardial fluid accumulation, such as:
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