Causes
- Anovulation (failure of ovaries to produce, mature, or release eggs)
- Endometrial polyps (the endometrium is the inner lining of the uterus)
- Endometrial hyperplasia (thickening/build up of the uterine wall)
- Endometrial cancer
- Uterine fibroids
- Abnormal thyroid or pituitary function
- Pregnancy complications -- like miscarriage or ectopic pregnancy (when a fertilized egg implants somewhere other than the uterus)
- Hormonal changes, such as menopause
- Changes in birth control pills or estrogens that you take
- Use of certain drugs like steroids or blood ...
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Causes
- Anovulation (failure of ovaries to produce, mature, or release eggs)
- Endometrial polyps (the endometrium is the inner lining of the uterus)
- Endometrial hyperplasia (thickening/build up of the uterine wall)
- Endometrial cancer
- Uterine fibroids
- Abnormal thyroid or pituitary function
- Pregnancy complications -- like miscarriage or ectopic pregnancy (when a fertilized egg implants somewhere other than the uterus)
- Hormonal changes, such as menopause
- Changes in birth control pills or estrogens that you take
- Use of certain drugs like steroids or blood thinners (for example, warfarin or Coumadin)
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Considerations
The menstrual cycle is not the same for every woman. On average, menstrual flow occurs every 28 days (with most women having cycles between 24 and 34 days), and lasts about 4 days. However, there is wide variation in timing and duration that is still considered normal, especially if your periods began within the last few years.
If you completely soak through a sanitary pad or tampon every hour for 2-3 consecutive hours, this is considered a very heavy period. A prolonged period is one that lasts longer than 7 days.
A small percentage of women have periods more often than every 21 days or less often than every 35 days. These variations may be normal.
Bleeding may be something to worry about if ...
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Other Names
Irregular menstruation; Heavy, prolonged, or irregular periods; Menorrhagia; Polymenorrhea; Metrorrhagia and other menstrual conditions
Home Care
Keep a record of your menstrual cycles, including when menstruation begins and ends, how much flow you have (count numbers of pads and tampons used, noting whether they are soaked), and any other symptoms you experience. Tampons should be changed at least twice a day to avoid infection.
Because aspirin may prolong bleeding, it should be avoided. Ibuprofen is usually more effective than aspirin for relieving menstrual cramps .
References
Osei J, Critchley H. Menorrhagia, mechanisms and targeted therapies. Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol . 2005; 17(4): 411-418.
James AH. More than menorrhagia: a review of the obstetric and gynaecological manifestations of bleeding disorders. Haemophilia . 2005; 11(4): 295-307.
Warner PE, Critchley HO, Lumsden MA, Campbell-Brown M, Douglas A, Murray GD. Menorrhagia I: measured blood loss, clinical features, and outcome in women with heavy periods: a survey with follow-up data. Am J Obstet Gynecol . 2005; 192(6): 2093-2095.
