Definition
Meningitis is a bacterial or non-bacterial infection that causes inflammation of the membranes covering the brain and spinal cord.
Symptoms
Other symptoms that can occur with this disease:
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Definition
Meningitis is a bacterial or non-bacterial infection that causes inflammation of the membranes covering the brain and spinal cord.
Symptoms
Other symptoms that can occur with this disease:
Meningitis is an important cause of fever in newborn children.
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Causes
The most common causes of meningitis are viral infections that usually get better without treatment. However, bacterial meningitis infections are extremely serious, and may result in death or brain damage even if treated.
Meningitis is also caused by:
Types include:
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Treatment
Doctors prescribe antibiotics for bacterial meningitis; the type will vary depending on the infecting organism. Antibiotics are not effective in viral meningitis.
Treatment of secondary symptoms including brain swelling, shock , and seizures will require other medications and intravenous fluids. Some people may need to stay in the hospital, depending on the severity of the illness and the treatment needed.
Outlook (Prognosis)
Early diagnosis and treatment of bacterial meningitis is essential to prevent permanent neurological damage. Viral meningitis is usually not serious, and symptoms should disappear within 2 weeks with no lasting complications.
Prevention
- Haemophilus vaccine (HiB vaccine) in children will help prevent one type of meningitis.
- The pneumococcal conjugate vaccine is now a routine childhood immunization and is very effective at preventing pneumococcal meningitis.
- Household contacts and people in close contact with individuals with meningococcal meningitis are advised to receive preventive antibiotics to avoid becoming infected themselves.
The meningococcal vaccination is recommended for:
- Adolescents ages 11 - 12 and previously unvaccinated adolescents entering high school (about age 15).
- All college freshmen who have not been vaccinated and are living in dorms.
- Children age 2 and older who do not have their spleen or who have other problems with ...
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