Definition
Hypoglycemia is a condition that occurs when your blood sugar (glucose) is too low.
Symptoms
Other symptoms that may be associated with this disease:
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Causes
Hypoglycemia results when your body's glucose is used up too rapidly, when glucose is released into the bloodstream too slowly, or when too much insulin is released into the bloodstream. Insulin is a hormone that reduces blood glucose. It is produced by the pancreas in response to increased glucose levels in the blood.
Hypoglycemia is relatively common in persons with diabetes. It occurs when too much insulin or diabetes medicine is taken, not enough food is eaten, or from a sudden increase in the amount of exercise without an increase in food intake.
Relative hypoglycemia is a fairly common condition in which a newborn's blood glucose is low. Babies born to mothers with diabetes may have severe hypoglycemia.
Severe hypoglycemia is a medical emergency that may result in seizures and damage to the baby's nervous system if ...
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Treatment
A snack or drink containing sugar will raise the blood glucose level. You should see an immediate improvement in symptoms.
Infants that are born with hypoglycemia are given glucose through a vein until the body begins to control its own blood sugar level.
Persons with severe hypoglycemia are treated with glucose injections or the hormone glucagon . Immediate treatment is needed to prevent serious complications or death.
Your doctor may tell you to change your diet so that you get more even amounts of glucose into your body throughout the day. This may prevent further episodes of low blood sugar. You may be told to eat small, frequent meals with complex carbohydrates , fiber , and fat and to avoid simple sugars , alcohol, and fruit juice.
You should also eat meals at regular intervals, ...
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Other Names
Insulin shock; Low blood sugar
Possible Complications
Untreated, hypoglycemia can lead to loss of consciousness and coma. In infants, seizures and permanent damage to the nervous system may occur.
Learn to recognize the early warning signs of hypoglycemia and treat yourself rapidly and appropriately.
Prevention
If you have diabetes, make sure you follow your doctor's advice regarding diet, medications, and exercise.
If you have a history of hypoglycemia, you should keep a snack or drink containing sugar available at all times to take as soon as symptoms appear. If symptoms do not improve in 15 minutes, additional food should be eaten. A glucagon kit is available for those who have episodes of hypoglycemia that respond poorly to other types of treatment.
References
Cryer PE, Davis SN, Shamoon H. Hypoglycemia in diabetes. Diabetes Care . 2003; 26(6): 1902-1912.