Definition
Gestational diabetes is high blood sugar ( diabetes ) that starts or is first diagnosed during pregnancy.
Symptoms
Usually there are no symptoms, or the symptoms are mild and not life threatening to the pregnant woman. Often, the blood glucose level returns to normal after delivery.
Symptoms may include:
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Definition
Gestational diabetes is high blood sugar ( diabetes ) that starts or is first diagnosed during pregnancy.
Symptoms
Usually there are no symptoms, or the symptoms are mild and not life threatening to the pregnant woman. Often, the blood glucose level returns to normal after delivery.
Symptoms may include:
However, high blood sugar levels in the mother can cause problems in the baby. These problems can include:
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Causes
Risk factors for gestational diabetes include:
- African or Hispanic ancestry
- Being over age 25 when pregnant
- Birth defect in a previous child
- Obesity
- Giving birth to a previous baby who weighed more than 9 pounds
- Recurrent infections
- Unexplained miscarriage or death of a newborn
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Treatment
The goals of treatment are to keep blood glucose levels within normal limits during the pregnancy, and to make sure that the fetus is healthy.
Your health care provider should closely check both you and your fetus throughout the pregnancy. You also can self-monitor your blood glucose levels. Fetal monitoring to check the size and health of the fetus may include ultrasound and nonstress tests.
A nonstress test is a very simple, painless test for you and your baby. A machine that hears and displays your baby's heartbeat (electronic fetal monitor) is placed on your abdomen. When the baby moves, its heart rate normally increases 15 - 20 beats above its regular rate.
Your health care provider can look at the ...
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Other Names
Glucose intolerance during pregnancy
Outlook (Prognosis)
There is a slightly increased risk of the fetus or newborn dying when the mother has gestational diabetes. Controlling blood sugar levels reduces the risk to the baby.
High blood glucose levels often go back to normal after delivery. However, women with gestational diabetes should be watched closely after giving birth and at regular doctor's appointments to screen for signs of diabetes. Many women with gestational diabetes develop full-blown diabetes within 5 - 10 years after delivery. The risk may be increased in obese women.
Prevention
Knowing the risk factors and having prenatal screening at 24 - 28 weeks into the pregnancy will help detect gestational diabetes early.
Exams and Tests
Gestational diabetes is usually diagnosed during the 24th - 28th weeks of pregnancy. All pregnant women should receive an oral glucose tolerance test during this time period to screen for the condition.