Definition
A fecal impaction is a large mass of dry, hard stool that can develop in the rectum due to chronic constipation . This mass may be so hard that it cannot come out of the body. Watery stool from higher in the bowel may move around the mass and leak out, causing soiling .
Symptoms
Sudden, watery diarrhea in someone who has chronic constipation is usually an indication of a fecal impaction. Other symptoms include frequent straining with passage of liquid or small, semi-formed stools, or abdominal cramping and discomfort.
Causes
Certain people are at greater risk for developing chronic constipation, which can lead to fecal impaction. Patients ...
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Definition
A fecal impaction is a large mass of dry, hard stool that can develop in the rectum due to chronic constipation . This mass may be so hard that it cannot come out of the body. Watery stool from higher in the bowel may move around the mass and leak out, causing soiling .
Symptoms
Sudden, watery diarrhea in someone who has chronic constipation is usually an indication of a fecal impaction. Other symptoms include frequent straining with passage of liquid or small, semi-formed stools, or abdominal cramping and discomfort.
Causes
Certain people are at greater risk for developing chronic constipation, which can lead to fecal impaction. Patients at risk include those who:
- Take certain drugs:
- Any type of narcotic pain medication
- Methadone maintenance treatment for drug addiction
- Anticholinergic medications (drugs that affect the interaction between certain nerves and muscles)
- Antidiarrhea medications
- Have limited ability to move, such as bedridden patients with dementia, or patients with cerebral palsy
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Treatment
Treatment of a fecal impaction involves removal of the impacted stool, as well as measures to prevent constipation and more fecal impactions.
MEDICATIONS:
Medications may be used to prevent further development of a fecal impaction. Stool softeners such as docusate may be recommended to aid in the passage of soft, formed stools. Additionally, bulk fiber laxatives such as Metamucil may be used to add fluid and bulk to the stool.
Glycerin or bisacodyl suppositories or other gentle laxatives may be used in conjunction with a bowel retraining program to establish a pattern of regular bowel movements. Food adjustments may be helpful in those with a limited diet or mobility.
SURGERY:
Surgery is rarely required to treat a fecal ...
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Other Names
Impaction of the bowels
Possible Complications
- Necrosis (tissue death) or rectal tissue injury
- Ulceration of the rectal tissue
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Outlook (Prognosis)
With treatment, the outcome is good.
Prevention
Prevention of fecal impaction centers on preventing constipation. Fiber should be added to the diet to promote normal stool. Additionally, the right amount of fluids and exercise may help the formation of normal stool.
Always respond promptly to the urge to defecate.
Exams and Tests
The health care provider will examine your stomach area and rectum. The rectal exam will reveal a hard mass of dry stool within the rectum.
If there has been a recent change in your bowel habits, your doctor may recommend a colonoscopy to evaluate for colon or rectal cancer.
